Description
Artemisia absinthium, commonly known as wormwood or green artemisia, is a perennial herbaceous plant native to Eurasia and North Africa. Renowned for its silvery-gray, finely divided foliage and strong aromatic scent, it has been historically valued for its medicinal properties and as a key ingredient in the spirit absinthe.
Wormwood typically grows between 60 to 120 cm tall, producing small, yellowish tubular flowers in late summer. Its deeply lobed leaves are covered with fine hairs, giving the plant a soft, silvery appearance. The plant thrives in full sun and well-drained soils, preferring dry to medium moisture levels. It’s drought-tolerant once established and performs best in poor to moderately fertile soils. However, it can become leggy in overly fertile conditions, so minimal fertilization is recommended.
In the garden, wormwood serves as an effective companion plant due to its natural pest-repelling properties, deterring insects like ants, cabbage loopers, and whiteflies. However, it can inhibit the growth of nearby plants, so it’s advisable to plant it separately or in containers.
While wormwood has been used in traditional medicine for digestive issues and as an anti-parasitic, caution is advised. The plant contains thujone, a compound that can be toxic in high doses. Therefore, any medicinal use should be approached carefully and under professional guidance.
In South Africa’s Mediterranean climates, such as Cape Town, wormwood can be cultivated successfully, provided it receives ample sunlight and is planted in well-drained soil. Its drought resistance and low maintenance make it a suitable choice for water-wise gardens
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